Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate, which is a purely male organ.
Bacterial prostatitis differs from other forms in that it develops as a result of exposure to microorganisms (bacteria). Bacterial prostatitis can be acute or chronic.
Prevalence of bacterial prostatitis among all prostatitis:
- Acute prostatitis - 5-10%;
- Chronic prostatitis - 6-10%.
Causes of bacterial prostatitis
In most cases, this pathology is caused by the following microorganisms:
- Intestinal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus;
- Proteus;
- Krebsila;
- Enterobacter;
- statement.
Most of these microorganisms are part of the normal microbial community of the human body. If the body's protective properties are reduced, then these bacteria can cause prostatitis.
Other microorganisms that cause bacterial prostatitis include fungi, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and ureaplasma.
Factors that lead to the development of prostatitis:
- low temperature;
- Irregular sex life, abstinence;
- decrease in immunity;
- hormonal disorders, accompanied by a lack of male hormones in the body;
- Circulatory disturbances (blood stasis) of the pelvic organs;
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
The development of chronic bacterial prostatitis is also facilitated by:
- Systemic and premature bladder emptying;
- Bad habits (drinking, smoking);
- Concomitant diseases of the urinary system (for example, pyelonephritis);
- A sedentary lifestyle.
Symptoms of bacterial prostatitis
Acute prostatitis is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- General poisoning (weakness, chills, fever);
- groin and perineal pain;
- frequent urination and pain, especially at night;
- Urination may be difficult and, in rare cases, acute urinary retention may occur;
- Sometimes there is a purulent white or colorless discharge from the urethra.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis is asymptomatic or clinical manifestations disappear during remission. When the disease worsens, its symptoms are similar to those of acute bacterial prostatitis. In chronic bacterial prostatitis, erectile dysfunction occurs.
Diagnosis of bacterial prostatitis
The diagnosis of acute bacterial prostatitis is made in the following cases:
- the above-mentioned characteristic complaints;
- During a digital rectal exam, the prostate is swollen and painful;
- In general blood tests, an increase in the number of white blood cells and an accelerated ESR are observed;
- In general analysis of urine, a large number of white blood cells can be detected;
- Also confirm the diagnostic data of prostate ultrasound.
In chronic bacterial prostatitis, there are usually no complaints during remission.
To confirm chronic bacterial prostatitis, determine the presence of bacteria and white blood cells in prostate tissue. To do this, the secretions of the prostate are smeared and then studied under a microscope. In bacterial prostatitis, an increase in the number of white blood cells is observed on the smear.
Urine or prostate secretions were also seeded on nutrient media to determine bacterial growth and susceptibility to antibiotics.
Another way to identify chronic prostatitis is to determine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) titers.
Complications of bacterial prostatitis
The most common complication of acute bacterial prostatitis is conversion to a chronic form. This is facilitated by late initiation of treatment, interruption of the treatment course, and irregular drug intake.
In addition, bacterial prostatitis may be complicated by the appearance of a prostate abscess or fistula.
Prevent bacterial prostatitis
In chronic bacterial prostatitis, the main task is to prevent disease progression or reduce the number of recurrences. This can be achieved by following these principles:
- Bladder overflow should be avoided.
- Dress up for the weather so you don't catch a cold.
- Sexual life should be regular, and long-term abstinence and excessive sexual activity are harmful. Prolonged or interrupted sexual intercourse can also exacerbate chronic prostatitis.
- In the event of casual sexual intercourse, be sure to take precautions to avoid contracting sexually transmitted diseases.
- Refuse to abuse alcohol and spicy food.
- Don't wear tight clothing (especially underwear).
Treat bacterial prostatitis
The main drugs for the treatment of bacterial prostatitis are broad-spectrum antibiotics. The duration of antibiotics is 2-8 weeks, depending on the clinical manifestations of the disease and the presence of concomitant diseases.
In chronic bacterial prostatitis, anti-inflammatory drugs are also prescribed.
Prostate massage is prescribed for quick recovery, as well as to enhance the therapeutic effect of chronic prostatitis. This procedure helps remove microbes from hard-to-reach areas of the prostate. But it is in these areas that bacteria stagnate and multiply, leading to the development of chronic bacterial prostatitis.